National Center for Competency Testing (NCCT) Medical Assistant Practice Test

What does the abbreviation NPO mean?

1. All meals allowed

2. No food orally

3. As needed

4. Twice daily

The correct answer is: No food orally

The abbreviation NPO stands for "nil per os," a Latin phrase that translates to "nothing by mouth." This medical instruction means that a patient should not intake anything orally, including food and drinks. It is often used before surgeries or certain medical procedures to prevent complications such as aspiration or interference with anesthesia. In contrast, the other options do not accurately represent the meaning of NPO. The first option implies that all meals are allowed, which is the opposite of the NPO directive. The third choice, "as needed," refers to a different concept typically denoted by the abbreviation "PRN." Lastly, the fourth option indicates a frequency (twice daily), which does not relate to the NPO instruction at all. Understanding the meaning of NPO is crucial for medical assistants as it directly impacts patient care and safety during medical treatment.